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ADHD in Adults - Treatment Options

ADHD is a well-known neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4% of the general population. It is associated with high rates of comorbidity. This includes depression, anxiety and addiction to drugs, as well as significant emotional, social, and occupational impairments.

Both psychotherapy and medication are effective treatments for adults with ADHD. The most commonly prescribed medications are stimulants, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine.

Medicines

Many adults with ADHD have significant improvement in their symptoms and functioning as a result of medication. It is crucial that people who suffer from ADHD find the combination of medications that works for them.

Stimulants, such as amphetamines and methylphenidate, are the most commonly prescribed medications for adults with ADHD. These stimulants are available in tablets or liquids in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hours. Adults may supplement an immediate-release medicine with an extended release, long-acting medicine every week to decrease the requirement to take it often throughout the day.

Desipramine and other antidepressants have also been found to be effective in the treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of medications can be used alone or in combination with stimulants to boost their effects. However, they could increase the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects, such as an increased heart rate, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension.

Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists like alprazolam as well as clonidine are used to treat adults suffering from ADHD. These medications, originally designed to treat high blood pressure, have an calming effect and are able to improve focus and decrease hyperactivity and impulsivity in some adults. However, these medications could cause a very low blood pressure when they are suddenly stopped or reduced in dosage.

Adults with ADHD are also able to benefit from psychotherapy. Individual therapy helps them overcome feelings of shame, embarrassment and resentment toward coworkers, supervisors, teachers, and family members that may criticize or nag them. Counseling for families and marriage can be a great option to help couples suffering from ADHD improve their understanding of each other and improve communication.

Behavioral Therapy

A key goal of psychosocial therapy for adults adhd treatment for adults near me is to help people learn strategies and techniques that enhance functioning in daily life. Psychotherapy can also assist people who suffer from ADHD overcome low self-esteem and feeling of failure that is often associated with this condition.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy, assists people in changing their negative thoughts and emotions that cause difficulties in their lives. It helps them learn new ways to think, feel and act. This short-term, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy has proven to be effective in treating a variety of disorders, including depression and anxiety. It can be used alone or in conjunction with other therapies.

CBT can also incorporate group therapy. This is especially beneficial for adults with ADHD because it allows them to meet others who have similar struggles and learn how they manage their ADHD symptoms. CBT can be offered in person or over the phone. In one study, CBT was compared to standard therapy for adults with ADHD. Both treatments helped improve self-reporting measures like symptoms, functioning, and quality of life.

Numerous studies have evaluated CBT with other psychosocial treatments for people with ADHD and all have shown significant reductions in self-reported ADHD symptoms with medium to large effect size. These improvements were associated with a variety modalities including interpersonal and cognitive behavior therapy as well as social skills training, problem solving training, and mindfulness mediation.

However, caution is warranted in comparing the efficacy of various treatments for adult ADHD. It is likely that the differences in the results of treatment result from a variety of factors, including the treatment features and the methods used. A few studies have examined the effectiveness of neurofeedback, an approach that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap when performing cognitive tasks to pinpoint areas in the brain that there is too much or little activity, and instructing the person to manage these patterns.

Counseling

Many people suffering from ADHD also suffer from comorbid mood or anxiety disorders that need treatment. Counseling can address these problems that could be contributing to ADHD symptoms. Certain psychotherapy methods include interpersonal therapy to enhance a person's ability to build meaningful relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to help manage self-destructive, impulsive and negative behaviors that could create problems at work or school.

In some instances psychotherapy can be utilized as an adjunct to medication for adult adhd diagnosis and treatment ADHD treatment for adults. People with comorbid disorders such as substance abuse, depression, and bipolar disorder need to be assessed to ensure their symptoms aren't aggravated by the medications used to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning and a history or seizures, should be treated with more vigor.

If ADHD is severe enough to interfere with everyday functioning and quality of life, intensive outpatient programs may be suggested. These programs provide structured therapy that is more intense than traditional outpatient psychotherapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists adults suffering from ADHD improve their abilities to manage time and impulse control, planning, and executive function. It helps them understand and express emotions and utilizes activities and worksheets to make the lessons engaging. Meditation training that is mindful enhances CBT and improves a person's ability to focus and manage their emotions. It also improves a person's ability to handle anxiety and stress. It can assist them in dealing with anger, sadness and other emotions which could be contributing to their ADHD.

Occupational Therapy

Adults suffering from ADHD have issues functioning at work and at home. These issues can also impact relationships and lead to financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues can help you increase self-esteem, address the root causes of your issues and develop healthy coping mechanisms.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a useful treatment for adults suffering from ADHD because it teaches you how to modify your negative thoughts and behaviors. It focuses on teaching techniques for managing time and overcoming thinking distortions that contribute to negative moods, and the perception that there are only a few options.

Many people suffering from ADHD have depression or anxiety disorders as comorbid conditions. These psychiatric disorders can diminish or even increase the effectiveness of certain medications that are used to treat ADHD. Therefore, it is recommended that you treat the most severe disorder comorbid to ADHD first and monitor its response to medication prior to beginning treatment for the other disorder.

Occupational therapy can help you organize your life and work, establish predictable routines to control your time and money and build confidence in yourself. It can also help you learn techniques for relaxation that can reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. Additionally yoga and other forms of exercise can help you improve your focus by stabilizing your body in various poses.

Family and marriage counseling can help address the issues that adults suffering from ADHD often create for their spouses, children and their families. They often complain about being undependable and unorganized. They are also prone to forget things or make impulsive decisions. Classes and therapy in which spouses and other family members are educated on ADHD can help you develop better relationships. It can also help you and your family members to understand that the problem is caused by ADHD, rather than the lack of care or refusing to cooperate.

Clinical Trials

Adult ADHD is a neurobiological disorder that is very common. It is often accompanied by other disorders that are comorbid, such as anxiety, depression and abuse disorders. Treatment options include psychosocial and medication interventions. There are a variety of medications available for adults with ADHD. Certain of these medications have been tested in clinical trials. These studies have highlighted both the strengths and weaknesses of the drugs.

Adults suffering from ADHD suffer from the same issues as children, but it can be difficult to identify them since the symptoms of childhood may not persist until adulthood. Adults who can treat adhd in adults suffer from ADHD might not have a family history of the disorder or may not remember symptoms. It is important to have an extensive medical history in order to determine if the symptoms are related to an illness, like thyroid issues such as sleep apnea, sleep apnea and vision problems.

Adults with ADHD are treated with stimulants or non-stimulants. Stimulants are the most effective medication for treating adhd and anxiety in adults adults with ADHD and their responsiveness rates are within the 70-80% range. Amphetamine and methylphenidate are among the most commonly prescribed stimulants. Methylphenidate can also be found in a transdermal system, which permits continuous medication delivery throughout the day.

Adults with ADHD are able to take nonstimulant medication that act on norepinephrine or dopamine. Desipramine, the most studied tricyclic, has been shown to work in adult ADHD patients. It is a low dose medication and should be increased by 50 mg every seven days until the desired effect is observed.

Bupropion XL, another antidepressant, has been shown to work in adults with ADHD. It is a dopamine receptor agonist and is able to block the reuptake process of norepinephrine by the presynaptic transportation system, thus increasing its use in the brain. This drug has been shown to improve mood and reduce hyperactivity in adults. However, it is not as effective as stimulants when it comes to improving cognitive performance or concentration.